MSI MS-9282 Specifications

Browse online or download Specifications for Servers MSI MS-9282. MSI MS-9282 Product specifications User Manual

  • Download
  • Add to my manuals
  • Print
  • Page
    / 20
  • Table of contents
  • BOOKMARKS
  • Rated. / 5. Based on customer reviews
Page view 0
BIOS
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In IBM PC compatible computers, the Basic Input/Output System (BIOS, also known as System
BIOS, ROM BIOS or PC BIOS (/ˈbaɪ.ɒs/)) is a de facto standard defining a firmware interface.
[1]
The name originated from the Basic Input/Output System used in the CP/M operating system in
1975.
[2][3]
The BIOS software is built into the PC, and it is the first software run by a PC when
powered on.
The fundamental purposes of the BIOS are to initialize and test the system hardware components, and
to load a bootloader or an operating system from a mass memory device. The BIOS additionally
provides an abstraction layer for the hardware, i.e. a consistent way for application programs and
operating systems to interact with the keyboard, display, and other input/output devices. Variations in
the system hardware are hidden by the BIOS from programs that use BIOS services instead of directly
accessing the hardware. MS-DOS (PC DOS), which was the dominant PC operating system from the
early 1980s until the mid 1990s, relied on BIOS services for disk, keyboard, and text display functions.
MS Windows NT, Linux, and other protected mode operating systems in general ignore the abstraction
layer provided by the BIOS and do not use it after loading, instead accessing the hardware components
directly.
BIOS software is stored on a ROM chip on the motherboard. It is specifically designed to work with
each particular model of computer, interfacing with various devices that make up the complementary
chipset of the system. In modern computer systems, the BIOS contents are stored on flash memory so
that the contents can be rewritten without removing the chip from the motherboard. This allows BIOS
software to be easily upgraded to add new features or fix bugs, but can make the computer vulnerable
to BIOS rootkits.
BIOS technology is in transitional process toward the Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI)
since 2010.
[4]
Contents
1 History
2 BIOS user interface
3 Operation
3.1 CPU reset
3.2 POST
3.3 Search for option ROM modules
3.4 Boot process
3.4.1 Boot priority
3.4.2 Boot failure
3.4.3 Booting optical media
3.5 Boot environment
4 Extensions
Page view 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 ... 19 20

Summary of Contents

Page 1 - Contents

BIOSFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaIn IBM PC compatible computers, the Basic Input/Output System (BIOS, also known as SystemBIOS, ROM BIOS or PC

Page 2 - BIOS user interface

Award BIOS setup utility on astandard PCSome operating systems, for example MS-DOS, rely on the BIOS to carry out most input/output taskswithin the PC

Page 3 - Operation

PhoenixBIOS D686. ThisBIOS chip is housed in aPLCC package in a socket.peripheral devices, a password for booting the system, or a hard disk password

Page 4 - Boot process

The size of the BIOS, and the capacity of the ROM, EEPROM, or other media it may be stored on, hasincreased over time as new features have been added

Page 5

Comparison of different BIOS implementationsAwardBIOS AMIBIOS Insyde SeaBIOSLicense Proprietary Proprietary Proprietary LGPL v3Maintained / developed

Page 6 - Boot environment

An American Megatrends BIOSshowing a "Intel CPU uCode LoadingError" after a failed attempt to uploadmicrocode patches into the CPU.Detached

Page 7 - Extensions

a backup BIOS. Also, all modern operating systems such as FreeBSD, Linux, OS X, Windows NT-based Windows OS like Windows 2000, Windows XP and newer, d

Page 8 - Operating system services

specification development is driven by The Unified EFI Forum, an industry Special Interest Group.EFI booting has been supported in only Microsoft Wind

Page 9 - Modern use

[...]/* B A S I C D I S K O P E R A T I N G S Y S T E M (B D O S) COPYRIGHT (C) GARY A. KILDALL

Page 10 - Configuration

8. ^ page 5-27 IBM Personal Computer Hardware Reference Library Technical Reference, 1984, publicationnumber 63614599. ^ How StuffWorks: What BIOS D

Page 11 - Hardware

Wikimedia Commons hasmedia related to the BIOS.Further readingIBM Personal Computer Technical Reference (Revised ed.). IBM Corporation. March 1983.IBM

Page 12 - Vendors and products

5 Operating system services5.1 Processor microcode updates5.2 Identification5.3 Modern use6 Configuration6.1 Setup utility6.2 Reprogramming6.3 Overclo

Page 13

Preventing BIOS Failures Using Intel Boot Block Flash Memory(http://download.intel.com/design/flcomp/applnots/29219202.PDF) (December 1998)BIOS Boot S

Page 14 - Security

mid-1990s, it became typical for the BIOS ROM to include a "BIOS configuration utility" or "BIOSsetup utility", accessed at system

Page 15 - Alternatives and successors

every PC and clone.) If the download was apparently successful, the BIOS would verify a checksumon it and then run it.[8] This feature was intended fo

Page 16 - References

When INT 19h is called, the BIOS attempts to locate boot loader software held on a storage devicedesignated as a 'boot device', such as a ha

Page 17

would only boot from the first floppy disk drive or the first hard disk drive, even if there were twodrives of either type installed. All more advance

Page 18

for a boot program to be relocatable. DL contains the drive number, as used with INT 13h, of the bootdevice, unless the BIOS is one that does not set

Page 19 - Further reading

An add-in card requires an option ROM if the card is not supported by the main BIOS and the cardneeds to be initialized or made accessible through BIO

Page 20

programmers observed that using the BIOS video services for graphics display was very slow. Toincrease the speed of screen output, many programs bypas

Comments to this Manuals

No comments